Valve for explosion-engines.



Patented Ian. 22, mm.

1 J. F. DENISON.

VALVE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

(Application filed Mar. 14, 1898.)

(No Model.)

Inventor.

YUIA N FEENISON Attorneys- Mire STATES AENT JULIAN F. DENISON, OF NENV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO ANNIE B. DENISON, OF SAME PLACE, AND THE BACKUS WATER MOTOR COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

VALVE FOR EXPLOSION-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 666,264, dated January 22, 1901.

Application filed March 14, 1898. Serial No. 673,797. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.- chamber, and port 12 being provided to allow Be it known that I, JULIAN F. DENISON, a the escape of the gas from the compressioncitizen of the United States, residing at New chamber and into the interior of the cylinder. Haven,in the countyof NewI-Iaven and State The ports 11 and 12 are located upon. the of Connecticut, have invented certain new flange at an angle of substantially ninety and useful Improvements in Valves for EX- degrees from each other and project slightly plosive-Engines, of which the following is a within the casing to form bearing-surfaces specification, reference being had therein to for the valve, and dummy ports 18 14 are prothe accompanying drawings. vided diametricallyopposite each of said ports to My invention relates to improvements in 11 and 12, so as to form a bearing-surface for valves for explosive-engines, and has for its the said rotary valve at each of the four quarobject the construction of a rotary valve that ters of its revolution, thereby insuring a perwill operate with the minimum amount of foot contact with the least possible bearingfriction, will be sure and positive in its opsurface. An inlet-pipe 15 connects the port I 5 eration, and can be constructed of few parts 11 with any source of gas-supply, the gas and of simple design that can be manufactured air being mixed in proper proportions before at a slight cost. they reach the said port 11. It is common in To this end my invention consists of the the art to connect one or more of these inlet rotary valve and its cooperating parts, as ports, which are usuallynear enough together 20 herein fully set forth, and more particularly to form one port, with pipes conveying gas pointed out in the claim. and air respectively. This construction can Referring to the drawings, in which like he used in my engine without altering the arparts are designated by like characters in the rangement of the parts thereof. Connecting several figures, Figure 1 is a front elevation the port 12 and the port 16 in the cylinder is 25 of an explosive-engine embodying my inventhe conduit 17, attached to the flange 10 and tion. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of Fig. 1 the cylinder 1 by the screws 18. upon line A B. Figs. 3, 4c, 5, and 6 are eleva- The numeral 19 designates the piston, upon tions of the rotary valve. the upper surface of which is the deflector 20, The numeral 1 designates the cylinder of and 21 designates the connecting-rod loosely 0 an ordinary gas or explosive engine, and 2 the connected to the said piston by the shaft 22 8o cylinder-head, bolted to the top of the cylinand to the wrist-pin of the crank-shaft by the der by the bolts 3. Within the cylindersplit bearing 23. jacket and the cylinder-head are the usual Opposite the port 16 in the cylinder is the water-chambers 4 and 5 for cooling the cylexhaust-port 24,1eading into the exhaust-pipe 3 5 inder. 25, which is secured to the cylinder by means Attached by means of the bolts 7 to the of the collar 26 and bolts 27. lower portion of the frame of the engine is Suspended from the cylinder-head 2 is the the separate cover-plate havinga crank-shaft sparker 28, which may be of any ordinary bearing 6, which is concentric with the inteconstruction, the particular mechanism to 40 gral-bearing 8 upon the opposite side of the operate which I have not shown, it not being 0 frame. The crank-shaft 9, consisting of two essential to the operation of my invention. shafts provided with wrist-plates at their in- The rotary valve 29 is a circular disk, prefner ends Within the compression chamber erabl y made from a casting, but may be and connected by an interposed wrist-pin, is formed from sheet metal, and is provided 45 mounted in the said bearings 6 and 8 and rowith an opening 30, forming the segment of tates in the bushings 9 9, placed within the a circle, the ends of which are substantially bore of said bearings. Through the flange 1O ninety degrees from each other. of the combined cover-plate and bearing 6 are The rotary valve 29 is loosely mounted the ports 11 12, port 11 being for the admisupon the collar 31 of the crank-shaft and is 50 sion of gas to the interior of the compressioninterposed between the wrist-plate thereof 10o and the cover-plate and is driven by the pins 32 32, which are set in the side of the wristplate and extend through the holes 33 33 in the rotary valve. Springs 34 34 surround the pins 32 32 and press against the side of the valve 29 with just sufiicient pressure to keep it against its seat, thus insuring an operative device with the least possible friction. The bore of the said valve 29 is rounded from front to rear, (see Fig. 2,) which allows the valve to accommodate itself to the valve-seat if by wear or otherwise it should not remain at a right angle to the axis of the said crankshaft.

The operation of my improved rotary valve is as follows: In Fig. 2 I have shown the piston in its extreme upward position just as the gas in the cylinder is about to be exploded by the sparker 28. The position of the rotary valve at this part of the stroke is shown in Fig. 3, both of the ports 11 and 12 being covered by the solid part of the valve. In Figs. 3, 4., 5, and 6 I have shown by broken lines the position of the ports 11 and 12 and the position of the rotary valve 29 in relation thereto at different parts of the stroke. As the piston 19 is driven down by the force of the explosion and the top of the same reaches that portion of the cylinder designated by the broken line C D the port 16 and exhaustport 24 are almost wide open and the rotary valve 29 is in the position shown in Fig. 4, just commencing to open the port 12. As soon as the exhaust-port 24 is opened the product of the exploded gas escapes through the exhaust-pipe 25into the open air. When the top of the piston 19 is in its extreme downward position, (designated bytheline E F,) the ports 16, 24, and 12 are wide open and gas from the compression-chamber in the lower part of the frame is passing through the port 12, conduit 17, and port 16 into the cylinder. As the gas enters the cylinder it strikes against the deflector 20, which deflects it upward and drives out the products of the explosion L through the exhaust-port 24 and pipe 25. The rotary valve 29 at this portion of the stroke is shown in Fig. 5, the port 12 being uncovered and the port 11 covered. The piston 19 now moves upward and closes the ports 16 and 24, thereby shutting off the supply of gas from the compression-chamber, and at the same time compresses the gas in the cylinder above the piston. When the piston reaches that portion of the cylinder designated by the broken line G H, the rotary valve 29 begins to uncover the port 11, and the gas is drawn into the compression-chamber through the inletpipe 15 and port 11 by the action of the piston, which is continually rising, thereby causing a vacuum in the compression-chamber and drawing in the gas by suction. The port 11 remains uncovered until the piston has nearly completed its upward stroke, when it is closed by the solid portion of the valve covering the port and the gas-supply is shut oif. It will be noticed that when the port 11 is un- 1 covered the port 12 also remains uncovered for a portion of the stroke. This uncovering of the two ports'at the same time does not affect the operation of the engine, as the inlet-port 16 to the cylinder is closed by the piston. Hence no gas can escape from the compression-chamber into the cylinder. That lower portion of the frame of the engine which I have termed the compression chamber fills with gas during the upward stroke of the piston, and as the piston descends the gas in this chamber is compressed until the ports 12 and 16 are opened at the extreme downward position of the stroke, when the compressed gas rushes through the conduit 17 and port 16 into the top of the cylinder. The lower portion of the compression-chamber is closed by the cap 35, fastened to the frame by the screws 36 36.

The valves now common to gas-machines are usually constructed to operate by means of springs, levers, cams, &c., which are cumbersome in appearance, not positive in their operation, andrequire a large number of parts upon the outside of the machine to insure ready repairs. A number of these valves are operated by means of suction that opens the valve against the compression of a spring, and after a predetermined amount of gas has been admitted the expansion of the spring closes them. These valves frequently become inoperative owing to dirt, oil, or other foreign matter forming upon their seat and causing them to stick, and, again, the spring that closes the valve is liable to break and stop the engine even if no further damage results. All of these objections are overcome in my valve, which is sure and positive in its operation, admits the same quantity of gas at every revolution of the crank-shaft,and is constructed of the fewest possible parts and those of the simplest design. My rotary valve is contained Within the frame of the engine, and as there are no moving parts outside of the frame the risk of breakage is reduced to a minimum and the engine can be operated by the most inexperienced persons.

It is obvious that there are many minor changes that can be made within the spirit and scope of my invention, such as varying the length and size of the openingin the valve,

arranging the ports in different positions than those herein shown, &c., and I would therefore have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exact construction herein shown and described, but claim all that falls fairly within the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

An explosive-engine comprising a frame or casing constructed as a cylinder at one end having inlet and outlet ports therein, a compression-chamber at the other end of said casing open at one side, and its opposite side constructed as an integral bearing, an independent cover-plate for the open side of said compression-chamber constructed as a bear- IIO ing and provided with an inlet and an outlet port each terminating in a raised hearing or seat Within the casing, and dummy ports on said coverplate forming bearings or seats corresponding to the port bearings or seats, a passage connecting the outlet of the coverplate with the inlet of the cylinder, shafts arranged in the bearings of the compressionchamber and provided with wrist plates on their inner ends Within said chamber, a Wristpin interposed between and connecting said Wrist-plates, a piston in said cylinder, and a rod connecting said piston and wrist-pin for rotating said shafts, combined with a valve constructed as a disk loosely arranged upon one of said shafts and interposed between the wrist plate thereof and the cover-plate and engaging the bearings or seats thereon, means for rotatably and slidably connecting said Valve with the Wrist-plate and its shaft respectively, and a segmental opening through said valve adapted to communicate with the inlet and outlet ports in the cover-plate upon rotation of the valve, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JULIAN F. DENISON.

Witnesses:

J. PETER DEJON, GEORGE E. HALL. 

